Monday, December 23, 2019

A Positive Effect On Our Life - 1064 Words

For instance, we all know the mother or grandmother who is constantly moving and doing things in a positive way. They are excited about getting things done, and they do things with love, passion, and happiness. And we love being around them. They make us feel good, so we turn to them when we are feeling down for a positive energy uplift. We fully expect them to boost our mood and help us feel good again. Their kinds words, their food made with love, and their positive outlook on their life are all positive influences that boosts our energy back up. You can be like that! You don t need to be a mother or grandmother. You need to be a positive light in the world who is busy moving and shaking and getting things done. So, get off the couch, stop stewing in your negativity, and start taking action on life. 5. Be Mindful The energy you give off will correlate to your thoughts. If you are stuck in a negative mindset, then you will give off negative energy. But, if you are focused on what is happening with a positive outlook, then you will give off an abundance of positive energy. Being mindful is a great way to see the positive in the here and now. Most people are not very mindful. To be mindful means to be aware and conscious of what is going on, and most people are too busy being focused on the past or the future to be aware and conscious of the now. This is why you will shine so brightly if you can be more mindful. You will be a reminder of what is happening now andShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Positive And Negative Effect On Our Life1202 Words   |  5 PagesTired of talking to yourself negatively? Then it s time to use positive affirmations in your life. Positive affirmations are important because they help you push down the self-doubt you are feeling and boost your confidence. 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It really does, but that’s life. I can walk around all day complaining about how unfair life is, but, is that going to make life any more fair? B. Relevance Statement: Negative thoughts are somethings we deal with on a daily basis, but, is thinking negative really productive? C. Credibility Statement: In the past year I have applied an anti-negativity thought process to my every day routine. I have noticed a steady increase in my motivation, how I handle my relationshipsRead MoreThe Positive and Negative Effects of Globalization1570 Words   |  7 PagesThe Positive and Negative Effects of Globalization Is Globalization ultimately positive or negative, or somewhere in between? I believe it depends on who you ask the question, and how it affects their life. For myself, I can’t get passed the negative way it has impacted my life and others around me in the same situation. Those of us who have lost our jobs and livelihood and are now labeled as â€Å"the long term unemployed† have seen our jobs eliminated and outsourced overseas; find it hard toRead MoreThe Issue Proposal : Social Media1229 Words   |  5 PagesIssue Proposal: Social Media Technology has taken over our world. Electronics devices such as iPads, computers, Surfaces, and Smartphones make it easy for everyone to stay connected to social media. Technology is defined as â€Å"the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry† Online Etymology Dictionary). Social media is defined â€Å"as websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking† industry (Online EtymologyRead MoreCause And Effect Of Stress1029 Words   |  5 Pagesstress. 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Social media has a positive effect on people’s happiness because it is the root of the establishment of many business and communication. The secret of happiness is being successful, especially in business by usingRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On Our Brain968 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology has a big impact on peoples’ daily life. People rely on the information on webs without truly evaluating the trustworthiness of the site. There might be some trustworthy webs but most of them doesn’t contain an accurate and precise information. Since all the information are available on internet, we complete our tasks through internet and never truly utilize our brains. In other words, our brain becomes more indolent and worthless due to the easy accessible of information and lazinessRead MoreInternet and People941 Words   |  4 PagesCarmen Cruz English 112 Professor: Chrysula Norway Date: March 7th, 2013 â€Å"The Impact of the Internet on the Society† At the present time, technology is part of our life as soon we woke up we start to use the internet, and we have the power to connect with billions of people and make researches instantly without move from the place that we are. The internet is the best magic thing that we can use to communicate. Media communication are everywhere since children and old people have an easy accessRead MoreHealthy Habits1715 Words   |  7 Pageshard to balance a healthy diet in a business environment, a healthy diet, included with healthy habits, can change our life. The body is a unique system that creates its own energy by breaking down food that we eat. The digestive system is the main factor in the breakdown. Everything that enters our mouth ends up there. The higher our diet of sugars and fats, the more work it takes for our digestive system to create enzymes for the breakdown. According to author Joanna Ammons in her article Digestive

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points Free Essays

string(37) " Belgian case distinct and symbolic\." METHODOLOGY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS â€Å"WOODROW WILSON’S FOURTEEN POINTS† By: Astrid Leony Longdong / 043 2010 0004 Dwi Setiawati Endi / 043 2010 0009 Candice Hermawan / 043 2010 0011 Mella Melia / 043 2010 0016 Lecturer: Indra V. A. Krishnamurti, S. We will write a custom essay sample on Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sos, M. Asian St. Date/Day: Thursday, 27th September 2012 [pic] INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITAS PELITA HARAPAN KARAWACI 2012 WOODROW WILSON’S FOURTEEN POINTS 8th President of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, played a very dominant role in the end of World War I with his Fourteen Points, which also known as Wilson’s Fourteen Points. The Fourteen Points as set forth by Wilson can be seen as the following: 1. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind, but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view. The purpose is clearly to prohibit treaties, sections of treaties or understandings that are secret. It is proposed that in future every treaty be part of the public law of the world and that every nation assume a certain obligation in regard to its enforcement. Nations cannot assume obligations in matters of which they are ignorant; and therefore any secret treaty tends to undermine the solidity of the whole structure of international covenants which it is proposed to erect. 2. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants. It refers to navigation under the three following conditions: (1) general peace; (2) a general war, entered into by the League of Nations for the purpose of enforcing international covenants; (3) limited war, involving no breach of international covenants. Simply said, it is meant free navigation of all seas. 3. The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves for its maintenance. The proposal means the destruction of all special commercial agreements, each putting the trade of every other nation in the League on the same basis, the most-favored-nation clause applying automatically to all members of the League of Nation. This is now what we known as free trade in which all economic barriers between countries will end. 4. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest points consistent with domestic safety. â€Å"Domestic safety† clearly implies not only internal policing, but the protection of territory against invasion and the reduction of weapon numbers. . A free, open-minded and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty, the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined. The German colonies and any other colonies which may come under international consideration as a result of the war. The stipulation is that in the case of the German colonies the title is to be determined after the conclusion of the war by â€Å"impartial adjustment† based on certain principles. . The evacuation of all Russian territory and such a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will secure the best and freest cooperation of the other nations of the world in obtaining for her an unhampered and unembarrassed opportunity for the independent determination of her own political development and national policy and assure her of a sincere welcome into the society of free nations under institutions of her own choosing; and, more than a welcome, assistance also of every kind that she may need and may herself desire. The treatment accorded Russia by her sister nations in the months to come will be the acid test of their goodwill, of their comprehension of her needs as distinguished from their own interests, and of their intelligent and unselfish sympathy. The problem of these nationalities is complicated by two facts: (1) that they have conflicting claims; (2) that the evacuation called for in the proposal may be followed by Bolshevist revolutions in all of them. Therefore the evacuating of the territory, if it resulted in class war, would very probably also take the form of a conflict of nationalities. It is clearly to the interests of a good settlement that the real nation in each territory should be consulted rather than the ruling and possessing class. 7. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with one another. Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of international law is forever impaired. The only problem raised here is in the word â€Å"restored. † The restoration is to be in kind or how the amount of the indemnity is to be determined is a matter of detail, not of principle. Among the consequences may be put the war debt of Belgium. The recognition of this principle would constitute â€Å"the healing act† of which the President speaks. In short, Belgium should be independent as it was before the war. 8. All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, should be righted in order that peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all. As the world stood in 1914, war between France and Germany was not in itself a violation of international law, and great insistence should be put upon keeping the Belgian case distinct and symbolic. You read "Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points" in category "Essay examples" The status of Alsace-Lorraine was settled by the official statement. The best solution would seem to be a free choice by the [people of] Luxembourg themselves. 9. A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should be effected along clearly recognizable lines of nationality. A conflict with Greece appears through the Greek claim to northern Epirus, or what is now southern Albania. This would bring Greece closer to Valona than Italy desires. A second conflict with Greece occurs over the Aegean Islands of the Dodecanese, but it is understood that a solution favorable to Greece is being worked out. Italy’s claims in Turkey belong to the problem of the Turkish Empire. 10. The people of Austria-Hungary, whose place among the nations we wish to see safeguarded and assured, should be accorded the freest opportunity of autonomous development. The United States is clearly committed to the program of national unity and independence. It must stipulate, however, for the protection of national minorities, for freedom of access to the Adriatic and the Black Sea, and it supports a program aiming at a confederation of Southeastern Europe. 11. Rumania, [Serbia], and Montenegro should be evacuated; occupied territories restored; Serbia accorded free and secure access to the sea; and the relations of the several Balkan states to one another determined by friendly counsel along historically established lines of allegiance and nationality; and international guarantees of the political and economic independence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan states should be entered into. This proposal is also altered by events. Serbia and Rumania wil have 11 or 12 inhabitants and will be far greater and stronger than Bulgaria. Balkan states should be allowed for self-determination and guarantees of independence. 12. The Turkish portions of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous development; and the Dardanelles should be permanently opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of all nations under international guarantees. A general code of guarantees binding upon all mandataries in Asia Minor should be written into the Treaty of Peace. This should contain provisions for minorities and the â€Å"open door. † The trunk railroad lines should be internationalized. 13. An independent Polish state should be erected which should include the territories inhabited by indisputably Polish populations, which should be assured a free and secure access to the sea, and whose political and economic independence and territorial integrity should be guaranteed by international covenants. The principle on which frontiers will be [delimited] is contained in the President’s word â€Å"indisputably. This may imply the taking of an impartial census before frontiers are marked. The chief problem is whether Poland is to obtain territory west of the Vistula, which would cut off the Germans of East Prussia from the empire, or whether Danzig can be made a free port and the Vistula internationalized. 14. A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of poli tical independence and territorial integrity to great and small [states] alike. The principle of a League of Nations as the primary essential of a permanent peace is the foundation of the whole diplomatic structure of a permanent peace in order to guarantee the political and territorial independence of all states. Wilson’s Fourteen Points were well received by the public either home or abroad, but many foreign leaders, such as David Llyoid George, Georges Clemenceau, and Vittorio Orlando were very skeptical about it[1]. Those who were skeptical doubted whether it could be effectively applied to the real world. Clearly, from his Fourteen Points alone, in which he issued as a basis for peace on January 1918, Woodrow Wilson was an idealist. Instead of his famous Fourteen Points, the League of Nations and the World War I Peace Treaty were the products of his idealism. Wilson’s idealism, however, was not merely an idealism. It was more to crusading idealism, where his idealistic nature was apparent through his beliefs as a Christian[2]. His idealistic vision, especially Fourteen Points, had motivated the world with the core lists of what we have widely known now as self-determintation of peoples, free trade, disarmament, open diplomacy. Wilson’s thoughts have been enlighted the world in long term, and for most of it, Wilson did not present a way to achieve his goals[3]. So, he basically just lead people through the door he created, but people themselves had to figure out the rest of their own. Wilson, like most of the idealists, is characterized by thinking and planning based upon the ideas that are fit for a perfect world, or at least how a world should be perfect in an imperfect world. The only thing with most of idealists, in this case Wilson, was that he got the right and brilliant ideas, but no body’s in his era got his forward-thinking as he was in different state of mind and vision. It is clear that Woodrow Wilson has imprinted a lasting legacy to the world that we now know. His idealism has brought the world into such a dramatic make over in a better and positive way. Though some of his ideas seemed to be failed, like League of Nations for example, but he gave the world of what we call as the very first ideas and inspirations. People learned from his mistakes and made some kind of innovation that was based upon his failures, like the United Nations which was based on the failed League of Nations. So, in conclusion, Woodrow Wilson is one of well-known idealists and the most influential as well. For the world that we now live in and enjoy, it would not be as it is now (with free trade, the United Nations, and the other legacies) if it weren’t because of him. BIBLIOGRAPHY â€Å"Woodrow Wilson-The Idealist Essay†. Free Essay Must Be Free! TM. Retrieved September 26, 2012 from http://essaymania. com/110139/woodrow-wilson-the-idealist Hickman, Kennedy. â€Å"World War I: The Fourteen Points†. About. com Military History. Retrieved September 26, 2012 from http://militaryhistory. about. com/od/worldwari/p/World-War-I-The-Fourteen-Poin ts. htm â€Å"Paper Analysis: Realist vs. Idealist† Essay001. blogspot. com Retrieved September 26, 2012 from http://essay001. blogspot. com/2007/11/realism-vs-idealism. html ———————– 1] Hickman, Kennedy. World War I: The Fourteen Points. Retrieved on September 26, 2012 from http://militaryhistory. about. com/od/worldwari/p/World-War-I-The-Fourteen-Points. htm [2] Essay Mania. com. Woodrow Wilson-The Idealist Essay. Retrieved on September 26, 2012 from http://essaymania. com/110139/woodrow-wilson-the-idealist [3] Essay001. blogspot. com. Paper Analysis: Realist vs. Idealist. Retrieved on September 26, 2012 from http://essay001. blogspot. com/2007/11/realism-vs-idealism. html How to cite Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points, Essay examples

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Clinical Practice Guidelines

Question: Describe a detailed description of the health questions covered by the guideline ? Answer: Introduction Clinical practice guidelines are the statements that are systematically developed to assist practitioners, as well as, the patient in diagnosis, screening, health promotion, as well as, in decision-making related to health care in the specific clinical circumstances. Clinical practice guidelines are focused on offering the concise instructions related to the provision of the healthcare services. The most important and foremost benefit offered by clinical practice guidelines is the potential of these guidelines to improve the process or quality of the care, as well as, the patient outcomes (Wilmott, 2005). For successful implementation of these guidelines and their development appropriate methodologies, as well as, rigorous strategies are used. The quality of the clinical practice guidelines can be varied extremely and in a few cases, these guidelines often fall short or lack the implementation of basic standards. Hence, evaluation of the clinical practice guidelines is an important a spect and should meet the standard parameters (Grant, 2000). Evaluation of CPG: The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research Evaluation (AGREE) Tool are the tool used for the evaluation of the clinical practice guidelines. This tool provides the set of various standardized questions, which are used as a guide for the evaluation of the methodology used in the development of the guidelines. AGREE tool is considered as an excellent tool that has been adopted extensively and is generally used and accepted in the assessment of the quality of the development of the guideline. The AGREE instrument besides assessing the process of developing the guidelines also assesses the extent of reporting the process. AGREE tool includes 23 Likert scale items that are organized into 6 different domains. Every single domain is focused on capturing a separate dimension related to the quality of the guideline. Assessment of each guideline then assigns the standardized dimension scores that ranges from 0100. Besides including the score, this tool also consists of sets o f questions that is used to provide the assessment of the guidelines overall quality globally, i.e., whether one would strongly recommend this guideline for use in practice without modifications, recommend this guideline for use in practice on the condition of some alterations or with provisos, or not recommend this guideline (not suitable for use in practice). Six domains of the AGREE tool: The following are the six different domains that are included in the AGREE tool, which are domain 1 is scope and purpose, domain 2 is stakeholder involvement, domain 3 is the rigor of development, domain 4 is clarity and presentation, domain 5 is applicability, and domain 6 is editorial independence. Overall assessment of the guidelines includes their overall rating of the guidelines quality and whether there will further recommendation of these guidelines for use in the practice. Domain 1 of AGREE tool, which is the Scope and Purpose, is focused and concerned with the aim of the guideline as a whole, the specific health questions, as well as, the target population. The three key points that are kept in mind using the domain 1 are: The overall objective or objectives of the mentioned guidelines are specifically described. There is a specific description of all the clinical questions that are covered by the guideline, and there is specific and complete description of the patients on whom the guidelines are supposed to apply. Domain 2 of the AGREE tool is the Stakeholder Involvement, which focuses and concentrate on the extent of the development of the guidelines by the appropriate and concerned stakeholders, as well as, also represents the views and perspectives of its intended users. The main factors that are kept while studying the domain 2 is focusing that the group involved in the development of the guideline consists of individuals that are from all the desired and relevant professional groups. The complete views, as well as, the preferences of the patient have been sought. There is a clear description of the target users meant for the intended guidelines. The guidelines that are developed has been piloted between the target users (Silagy, 2002). Domain 3 of AGREE tool is the Rigor of Development that is related to the process, which is used and focused on gathering, as well as, synthesizing the evidence, the ways and methods used to formulate different recommendations, as well as, to update them. Follwing key factors are studied in the rigor development domain, focused on studying the systematic methods that were used for searching the evidence, there is a complete and clear description of the criteria used for selecting the evidence, clear description of the methods that are used in the formulation of the recommendations are mentioned, the consideration of all the health benefits, risks, as well as, side effects are clearly accounted while formulating the recommendations, an explicit link is mentioned between the recommendations formulations and the supporting evidence, the expert panel had externally reviewed the guideline prior to its publication, and there is a provision of the procedure required for updating the guideli ne (Graham, 2005). Domain 4, which is the Clarity of Presentation is the domain that deals with the structure, language, as well as, the format of the guideline. The things that are evaluated in this domain are the recommendations that used in the guidelines are specific, as well as, unambiguous, there is a clear representation of the various options that can be used for the management of the specified condition, the key recommendations used in the development are easily identifiable, and the guideline specified is supported by various tools for application (Arries, 2006). Domain 5 of the AGREE tool is Applicability that pertains to the common facilitators, as well as, barriers related to the implementation, various strategies related to the improvement of the uptake, and implications of the resources during the application of the guidelines. It focuses that there is clear and conscise discussion of all the potential organisational barriers that are present during the application of the guideline, there is consideration of all the potential cost implications that are or can occur during the application of the recommendations, the guideline is able to present the key review criteria that can be used for monitoring or audit purposes. The sixth domain, i.e. the editorial independence deals that the guideline formed is editorially independent and is not linked to the funding body, as well as, all the conflicts of interest related to the development of the guideline members are recorded (Brouwers, Kerkvliet, Spithoff, 2016). Critical appraisal of CPGs: In the era of an overwhelmingly growing and large medical literature, practitioners and providers often turn and refers to the clinical practice guidelines for the information related to the decisions they usually make with the patients. Hence, by systematically appraising the processes and evidences, as well as, by providing the means of transparent recommendations used for the practice, these guidelines will have the potential of improving both the health policy, as well as, the decision making. Therefore, the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research Evaluation Instrument was formed to address all the issues related to the variability in the quality of the guideline (Dans Dans, 2010). Clinical practice guidelines are meant to reduce the inappropriate kind of variations occurring in the clinical care setting, minimize the harm, produces the optimal outcomes related to the patients health, as well as, focuses on promoting the practices that are cost-effective practice. There is a use of a systematic process in the evidence-based guidelines to develop the policy based on the selection and the review of scientific evidence. In a clinical practice guideline, the development of the policy is defined in terms of recommendations. Recommendations are usually the components of the guideline that are intended for influencing the behavior of the practitioner and the patient. There is a high level of rigor used in support of an evidence-based guideline with the help of which there is the identification, appraisal, as well as, summarization of the guidelines. Moreover, there must be an explicit linkage in between the recommendations, as well as, the evidences that supports them (Long, 2001). The recent development is seen in the use of various clinical practice guidelines that help and aid in the medical decision making. Though in the past, the use of narrative reviews or clinical position statements that were from professional societies were used by the clinicians in the decision making, the use of rigorously developed CPGs in the recent times can explicitly address the limitation with the use of a recommended course of action that is based on the systematic, as well as, the comprehensive grading and review of the evidence. Moreover, it is an explicit comparison between the benefits, as well as, the potential harms of the given treatment or test (Clutter, 2009). Case scenario Nursing care provided for the patient having stroke is more effective when multidisciplinary members work in collaboration with each other. A working multidisciplinary group was formed including nurses for providing acute care, rehabilitation settings, and long term care to Mary Pierce. The foremost step was the development of an evidence-based and consistent approach for the assessment and management of the risk associated with the stroke (Rohde, Worrall, Le Dorze, 2013). The main areas for assessment of the risk in Mary were risk of swallowing problems, communication deficits, skin breakdown, as well as, falling (Hill, 2008). Mary was screened for any kind of swallowing deficits prior to giving food, fluid, or oral medications. She was also screened for the presence of any kind of communication deficits with the help of a screening tool, which was valid and reliable (Politi, Wolin, Lgar, 2013). Assessment in performing daily activities by Mary was being assessed by the trained cl inician. She was screened for malnutrition and was given dietary plan to follow. Instructions related to dietary, lifestyle changes, and post-discharge cautions were provided. Facilitators and barriers to the implementation of the clinical practice guidelines: Clinical practice guidelines are created to help the health professionals to apply research evidence into the practice, which can improve the outcomes of the stroke care and facilitates the implementation. However, CPGs are usually not implemented successfully in the clinical practice and lack of time or resource allocation are sometimes barriers. More research is required for exploring the factors that will influence the implementation of the clinical practices guidelines (Hadely, Power, OHalloran, 2014). Conclusion Use of updated and evidence-based clinical practice guidelines is an irremissible and prerequisite for the better and high-quality management of various diseases. Recognizing the several factors which can affect the compliance of the guidelines make it possible to focus and work towards the improvement of the adherence of the guidelines in the clinical practice. CPGs have the potential of improving process of care and the patient outcomes. But, their beneficial effects are possible on their successful implementation. There are various factors which can influence the CPGs implementation that can be understood by using different implementation frameworks, as well as, knowledge creation. Clinical settings can be moved towards definite use of evidence in ones practice by local adaptation or adopting the existing guidelines. There must be a careful consideration of various available clinical guidelines during decision-making for the suitable outcome of the setting. The use of rigorous, as well as, transparent process in the identification, appraisal, and adapting guidelines is very important as the clinical practice guidelines are the multiple interventions, as well as, the decisions that are made, which can affect both the providers and the patients. References Arries, E. (2006). Practice standards for quality clinical decision-making in nursing.Curationis,29(1). Brouwers, M., Kerkvliet, K., Spithoff, K. (2016). The AGREE Reporting Checklist: a tool to improve reporting of clinical practice guidelines.BMJ, i1152. Clutter, P. (2009). Clinical Practice Guidelines: Key Resources to Guide Clinical Decision Making and Enhance Quality Health Care.Journal Of Emergency Nursing,35(5), 460-461. Dans, A. Dans, L. (2010). Appraising a tool for guideline appraisal (the AGREE II instrument).Journal Of Clinical Epidemiology,63(12), 1281-1282. Graham, I. (2005). Evaluation and adaptation of clinical practice guidelines.Evidence-Based Nursing,8(3), 68-72. Grant, J. (2000). Making use of guidelines in clinical practice.Family Practice,17(2), 213-213. Hadely, K., Power, E., OHalloran, R. (2014). Speech pathologists experiences with stroke clinical practice guidelines and the barriers and facilitators influencing their use: a national descriptive study.BMC Health Services Research,14(1), 110. Hammond, R. Lennon, S. (2002). Development of National Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Stroke.Physiotherapy,88(3), 177-178. Hill, K. (2008). Australian Clinical Guidelines for Acute Stroke Management 2007.Int J Stroke,3(2), 120-129. Long, M. (2001). Clinical practice guidelines: when the tool becomes the rule.Journal Of Evaluation In Clinical Practice,7(2), 191-199. Politi, M., Wolin, K., Lgar, F. (2013). Implementing Clinical Practice Guidelines About Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Through Shared Decision Making.J GEN INTERN MED,28(6), 838-844. Rohde, A., Worrall, L., Le Dorze, G. (2013). Systematic review of the quality of clinical guidelines for aphasia in stroke management.J Eval Clin Pract,19(6), 994-1003. Silagy, C. (2002). The effectiveness of local adaptation of nationally produced clinical practice guidelines.Family Practice,19(3), 223-230. Wilmott, R. (2005). Variation in use of clinical practice guidelines.The Journal Of Pediatrics,147(3), A2.